Chapter 20
A. Vocabulary: Explain significance and add dates.
- Martin Luther & his Ninety-five Theses
- Indulgences
- Emperor Charles V
- Henry VIII of England
- John Calvin & Predestination
- The Council of Trent
- Jesuits and Ignatius Loyala
- Capitalism vs. Mercantilism
- 30 Years War
- Peace of Westphalia, 1648
B. Important Maps (NOTES SUGGESTED, NOT REQUIRED)
Map 20.1 Europe in the 16th Century
Map 20.2 16th Century Reformation
Map 20.4 Peace of Westphalia
Map 20.5 Globalization of W. Christianity
C. Important Dates (Fill in the event): - 1517
- 1529
- 1545
- 1562-1594
- 1588
- 1598
- 1618-48
D. Focus Questions: - Why did Martin Luther challenge the authority of the Catholic Church? Why did a revolt result and not a reform movement from within?
- Explain Calvinism. Why was it different than Lutheranism?
- Explain the English Reformation. Why did Henry VIII do what he did and what happened?
- How did the Catholic church respond? What new Catholic sects developed and what did they change or seek to do? Why were the popes and the Habsburg rulers unable to crush Protestantism? (What events happened and why?)
- What circumstances led to the globalization of Western Europe? What economic and social changes resulted?
E. i. SYNTHESIS: Trace the development of Christian beliefs during the Reformation. What happened to religious authority as Christianity divided? Give examples of different denominations (divisions) and how they reflected that change.
ii. SYNTHESIS: Explain the 30 Years War and the complicated religious/political situation of Europe. Why were so many people killed and Germany ruined for such a complicated conflict? If you were the Holy Roman Emperor or one of his opponents, like Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, what would you do when presented with these problems? Would you fight/ why?
Chapter 23: Textbook: pgs. 556-580
A. Vocabulary: Explain significance and add dates.
- King Alfonso
- Triangular Trade
- Middle Passage
- African Diaspora
- Songhai Empire
- Kanem-Bornu
B. Important Maps
Map 23/1: 15th century African Connections
Map 23.3: The Atlantic Slave Trade
23.3: W. Africa and the Guinea Coast, 1500-1800
23.5 E. Africa Commerce
C. Important Dates - 1300s:
- 1468-1473:
- 1570s
- 1591
D. Focus Questions:
- How did the Atlantic slave trade originate? Why did Europeans use slaves from Africa to work their sugar plantations? How did it differ from African/Muslim slavery?
- What were the impacts of slavery on W. Africa, C. Africa, and E. Africa? Why the different regional impacts? (Discuss the fall of African kingdoms like Songhai and Kanem-Bornu)
- What effect did the triangular trade on global wealth? What were the benefits/detriments to Europeans/Africans on this changed economy?
- What happened to Ethiopia and why?
Chapter 25: Textbook: pgs. 606-632
A. Vocabulary: Explain significance and add dates.
- Kremlin
- Ivan the Great
- Ivan the Terrible
- Time of Troubles (put dates)
- Zemskii Sobor
- The Romanov Dynasty
- Old Believers
- Iconography
- The Cossacks
- Peter the Great
- Elizabeth I
- Catherine the Great
B. Important Maps
Map 25.1: Russian Expansion, 1300-1800
Map 25.4: Muscovite Expansion in the 17th century
25.5: The Great Northern War
25.7 The Pale of Jewish Settlement, 1783-1917
C. Important Dates - 1237-1480
- 1598-1613
- 1613
- 1700-1721
- 1772, 1793-1795:
D. Focus Questions: - How and why did Muscovy expand from a small principality into an immense Eurasian realm?
- How did the Orthodox Church influence Muscovite politics, culture, and society, and why was this influence so pervasive? Why was Byzantine influence so strong? What was that influence?
- Explain the development of serfdom. Why did the Cossacks represent a reaction against a stationary lifestyle?
- How and why did Peter the Great work to Westernize Russia? How did he transform Russia into a great power?
- How did Elizabeth I and Catherine II expand on Peter’s work?
- What happened to the Poles, Jews, and other minorities as Russia expanded?
E. SYNTHESIS: Compare