QUESTION 1
- While doing a echocardiography, the technician wants to capture the “moment” when the tricuspid valve is closed, he should expect to see this when the ventricle is in diastole the ventricle is in systole the atrium is contracting there is movement of blood from atrium to ventricle None of the above as the tricuspid valve is open during all of the above events.
QUESTION 4
- Which is a function of human chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS)? It alters mother’s glucose and fatty acid metabolism. It stimulates contraction of the smooth muscle in the uterus during birth. It is the primary signal for the release of breast milk. It maintains the corpus luteum after fertilization. It loosens the ligaments in the pelvic bone before birth.
QUESTION 9
- Dysfunction / lack of Glucuronyl bilirubin transferase would result in __. Heme not being converted into Unconjugated bilirubin Conjugated bilirubin not being converted into biliverdin Biliverdin not being converted into urobilin Unconjugated bilirubin not being converted into conjugated bilirubin Stercobilin not being converted into Heme
QUESTION 13 - A researcher wants to create the filtration barrier for those patients with kidney failure, which of the following should he try to reconstruct? Glomerular basement membrane Podocyte foot processes Fenestrated endothelium Slit diaphragm All of the above
QUESTION 14 - A premature infant (born at 20 weeks of gestation) has developed Hyaline Membrane disease; condition in which his lungs are unable to reduce surface tension. Which of the following reason(s) will the doctor use to explain the cause of the disease to the parents? The lack of trapping dust and debris causes the surface tension to increase and so his premature lungs are unable to reduce the surface tension overload. Since his lungs can’t protect themselves against the bacterial invasion, the bacteria are digesting his type one pneumocytes. His lungs haven’t started synthesizing the substance necessary to reduce the surface tension. His lungs aren’t able to replace the mucus needed to trap the dust and debris since his type II pneumocytes are not functional yet. All of the above.
QUESTION 15 - A scientist is researching a way to stimulate inhalation in brainstem injured patients, she has developed electrodes that will directly stimulate the nerve that causes the diaphragm and the respiratory muscles to contract. Which of the following nerve is the electrode stimulating? Trigeminal nerve Phrenic nerve Optic nerve Tochlear nerve None of the above
QUESTION 18 - One of the treatment methods for Myasthenia Gravis is to increase the concentration of the neurotransmitter in the neuromuscular junction. Which of the following neurotransmitter will the medicine increase? Dopamine GABA Serotonin Epinephrine Acetylcholine
QUESTION 19 - Two hours before major surgery, the patient is stressed, with increased heart rate and blood pressure. These symptoms are the result of sympathetic activation. decreased levels of epinephrine in the blood. decreased activity of sympathetic centers in the hypothalamus. increased parasympathetic activity. All of these mechanisms.
QUESTION 21 - Rigor mortis is a state of skeletal muscle stiffness that occurs in those individuals who have recently passed away due to lack of cellular energy (ATP). Which of the following statement correctly explains the reason behind Rigor mortis? Cellular energy is needed to allow calcium to be released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and therefore without the energy muscles are stiff. Cellular energy is needed to enable thick and thin filaments to separate and without energy they are bound causing muscle stiffness. Cellular energy is needed to allow the dihydropurydine receptor to depolarize which in turn causes rhynodine receptor to open up, so without the cellular energy this is not possible. Cellular energy is needed to enable the thin and thick filaments to attach and so without the cellular energy the muscles remain stiff. None of the above.
QUESTION 22 - An instructor is talking about Plateau, which of the following statements will she not use? It’s the second phase of myocardial action potential It’s the reason why the action potential is so long Its due to efflux of calcium and influx of sodium It prevents tetanic contractions Its due to influx of calcium and efflux of potassium
QUESTION 25 - Mara lives in St. Louis, which is close to sea level. She decides to spend a month of her summer vacation working in the mountains outside of Denver. After a week in the mountains, what kinds of changes would you expect to see as Mara adapts to the higher altitude? decreased hematocrit decreased blood pressure decreased alveolar ventilation rate increase in diphosphoglycerate (DPG) All of the answers are correct.
QUESTION 29 - Some classes of drugs treat hypertension by inhibiting the enzyme ACE. They work because Aldosterone is not being produced and hence no sodium reabsorption occurs. Vasoconstriction is prevented and hence blood pressure doesn’t increase. Angiotensin I isn’t converted into Angiotensin II None of the explanations are correct. All of the statements are correct.
QUESTION 31 - Pernicious anemia; a condition in which parietal cells are destroyed by autoantibodies. This leads to _. Lack of Pepsinogen Lack of HCl Lack Mucus Lack of Intrinsic factor Lack of HCl and Intrinsic factor
QUESTION 33 - When an antigen fragment is bound to a MHC class I molecule to form a MHC-I-antigen complex, it can stimulate a B cell. plasma cell. helper T cell. cytotoxic T cell. NK cell.
QUESTION 34 - A boy male who has not passed through puberty sustains has an injury to his anterior pituitary such that which stops FSH is no longer released, but LH is normal. After the individual grows to maturity, one would expect that he would likely not develop secondary sex characteristics. be sterile. be impotent. have impaired function of the interstitial cells. produce large amounts of inhibin.
QUESTION 35 - Sarah has a rare genetic disease in which her thick ascending limb is being destroyed, which of the following will she not be able to reabsorb? Sodium Chloride Potassium Calcium All
QUESTION 36 - Treatment plan for gallbladder removal involves avoiding diets high in fat, the consequence of avoiding diet high in fat would be The patient would not be able to absorb Vit K. The patient would not be able to absorb Vit D. The patient would not be able to absorb Vit B3. The patient would not be able to absorb Vit C. The patient would not be able to absorb Vit K and Vit D.
QUESTION 39 - The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that causes the disease known as AIDS selectively infects cells with CD4 receptors, this virus infects B cells. plasma cells. cytotoxic T cells. helper T cells. suppressor T cells.
QUESTION 43 - A man is diagnosed with parathyroid cancer and as a result all of his parathyroid glands are removed. His treatment involves administrating 1-alpha hydroxylase, because it _. is needed to produce erythropoietin. converts urobilinogen into urobilin. activates stercobilin. is needed for bicarbonate absorption. converts 25-dihydroxy Vit D3 into 1,25-dihydroxy Vit D3
QUESTION 45 - In response to the hormone secretin, the pancreas secretes a fluid that contains enzymes. bicarbonate. bile. only proteases. only amylase.
QUESTION 47 - Milly has just received a kidney transplant and is taking a drug to prevent rejections. A side effect of this drug involves inhibition of cytotoxic T cells. What is the consequence? increased allergic reactions decreased fungal infections increased viral infections decreased bacterial infections None of the answers are correct.