A soap note

  A 59-year-old woman G7P7 all uncomplicated NSVDs, complains of inadvertently urinating on herself whenever she coughs, sneezes, or heartily laughs. It has been happening intermittently since the birth of her last 3 children, but it now happens so often that she must wear a sanitary pad, and she is afraid there can be an odor at times. She asks you what, if anything, can be done to alleviate this that does not have to entail having surgery. • What type of urinary continence is this woman experiencing? • What is the pathophysiology? • What will you recommend for this patient?