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  Foreign Policy Under Presidents George H. W. Bush and George W. Bush Historically, foreign policy under the two Bush administrations was an integral part of America's response to the end of the Cold War as well as significant changes in regional power dynamics around the globe. The collapse of communism ushered in a period of increased global interdependence and created a need for new economic and security frameworks that could be adopted by both superpowers in order to ensure peace and stability during this transitional period.

President George H.W. Bush was faced with difficult decisions while navigating these uncharted waters including managing international crises such as Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait (1990) and Somalia’s civil war (1992). He also sought to promote democracy abroad through initiatives like his “New World Order” speech (1991), which called for collective action against tyranny, human rights abuses, terrorism, drug trafficking, global warming, etc., all while maintaining good relations with other states that were critical to US national interests such as Japan and China. In contrast to his father's more moderate approach, President George W. Bush adopted a far more aggressive stance towards foreign policy particularly after 9/11 when he declared the War on Terror which led to military interventions in Afghanistan (2001) and Iraq (2003). His administration also launched various diplomatic efforts aimed at improving America’s image abroad including the Proliferation Security Initiative (2003) designed to combat nuclear weapons proliferation; increasing aid for development projects in Africa; expanding trade agreements with Latin American countries; creating stronger ties between Israel and its Arab neighbors through “The Roadmap for Peace” initiative; promoting democratic reforms in Russia; initiating dialogue between North Korea & South Korea over nuclear disarmament issues.; etc., all while contending with continued threats from militant groups like Al-Qaeda who had vowed revenge against America since 2001 attacks on New York City & Washington D.C.. The effectiveness of both presidents' foreign policies is still debated today due largely to their divergent approaches towards world affairs: one toward active interventionism & multilateral cooperation whilst other preferred unilateral action & pre-emptionist doctrine — that much depends upon ones interpretation concerning whether or not these strategies yielded positive results over time given complex nature international relations context they were implemented within eg: did GWB's "War on Terror" lead decrease international terrorism? Did GHWB ‘New World Order” encourage democratization processes around world? Regardless one can conclude each president's policies left lasting imprint upon global landscape which have reverberated across continents years later thus making them worthy study today into greater detail their respective strengths weaknesses . References Kupchan C A 2002 The End Globalization: Why We Need Regional Solutions Routledge p 89 Silver J 2008 From Isolation Toward Intervention: U S Foreign Policy Since 1945 Greenwood Press p 35 Melanson P 2005 Constructing International Relations The Next Generation State University Press p 123 Goldberg L 2018 American Foreign Policy Since 9 11 Rowman Littlefield p 15