Forensic entomology

    Q. Special Circumstances: Blow fly oviposition in the dark The long held notion that blow-flies are not nocturnally active and do not oviposit in the dark was challenged by Greenberg (1990) and Singh and Bharti (2001), who showed that Calliphoridae do lay eggs at night in urban areas where artificial lighting may simulate daylight hours. In addition, Faucherre et al (1999) confirmed oviposition in darkness in a cave (but not necessarily at night) and Lee et al. showed that a high percentage of nocturnally trapped Calyptrate flies in Malaysia were blow-flies. On the other hand, many studies (Baldridge et al., 2006; Stamper et al., 2009; Zurawski et al., 2009) have shown the reverse, up-holding the formerly held statement that blow-flies are not nocturnally active and unlikely to oviposit after dark. Laboratory tests by Wall a Fisher (2001), Wooldridge et al. (2007) and Zurawski et al., (2009) apparently support this. Build up an argument for or against nocturnal activity and the ability of blowflies to oviposit in the dark and oviposit at night (note there are two issues here). Using as many of the publications mentioned above as you can  discuss how this affects estimation of PMI.