Health Care Economics

 


1. Identify a healthcare firm with market power. What characteristics led you to choose the 
firm that you did? (5 points) 

2. Given the following demand and cost conditions for a monopolistic medical practice, 
predict the profit-maximizing price and quantity of services utilized. The cost conditions 
are as follows: fixed costs are $200 and marginal costs are $70 per visit. (5 points)  

Price ($) Quantity of Visits Demanded  
300 0 
270 1 
240 2 
210 3 
180 4 
150 5 
120 6 


3. A physician practice serves two groups of patients. One group, with limited insurance, 
has demand represented by Demand Schedule A; the other, with comprehensive 
insurance, has demand represented by Demand Schedule B in the following table. The 
cost to produce a visit is $75. The practice wishes to price discriminate in order to 
maximize profit. (1) What price should it charge each patient in group A? What price 
should it charge each patient in group B? (3 points) (2) Compare price elasticities of 
demand in two groups. Compare profit-maximizing price in two groups. What pattern did 
you observe on the relationship between profit-maximizing prices and price elasticities of 
demand? (2 points) 

Demand Schedule A Demand Schedule B 
Price ($) Number of Visits  Price ($) Number of Visits  
300 1 300 6 
270 2 270 7 
240 3 240 8 
210 4 210 9 
180 5 180 10 


4. The following table shows hospitals operating in two cities and their annual number of 
patient days in thousands:  
City 1 
Hospital 
City 2 
Patient Days 
Hospital 

30 
Patient Days 


170 
120 


220 
120 


90 
108 


140 
96 


50 

78 
78 
Compare the concentration of the markets in the two cities using the Herfindahl
Hirschman Index (HHI). What did you learn about market concentrations in the two 
cities? (5 points)

 

Characteristics Leading to the Choice:

High Barriers to Entry: Establishing a multi-specialty academic medical center requires immense capital investment, specialized accreditation, and highly skilled staff, making it nearly impossible for competitors to duplicate.

Product Differentiation (Perceived Quality): UNC Health is often perceived as providing the highest quality, most advanced care (tertiary and quaternary services like organ transplants or complex cancer treatments) that smaller hospitals cannot offer. This makes demand for their services highly inelastic (patients will pay almost any price or travel any distance).

Geographic Monopoly/Dominance: In its immediate service area, UNC Health dominates the market, especially for specialty care. While other hospitals exist, they may not offer comparable services, giving UNC considerable pricing leverage when negotiating with

Sample Answer

 

 

 

 

 

 

Healthcare Market Analysis and Economic Decision-Making

 

 

1. Identifying a Healthcare Firm with Market Power

 

A healthcare firm with market power has the ability to influence the price of its services rather than being a price taker. This often stems from high barriers to entry, unique offerings, or geographic monopoly.

Chosen Firm: UNC Health (or any major academic medical center in a specific region, such as Duke Health in North Carolina, or Cleveland Clinic in Ohio).

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