develop a health maintenance plan for a selected Disease, such as asthma, hepatitis, hypo and hyperthyroidism, and coronary artery disease, in a selected Population.
1. Assess, develop, and recommend health maintenance plans for clients in all developmental stages of life within the primary care practice.
2. Apply evidence-based guidelines to the identification and prevention of significant healthcare problems affecting populations at risk.
The plan must be tailored because the priorities and barriers to care differ significantly across the adult lifespan.
| Developmental Stage | Target Population Focus | Assessment Priority | Health Maintenance Recommendations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Young Adults (18–35) | Prevention in high-risk family history; managing new diagnoses; addressing lifestyle barriers (school, career). | Risk Screening: $\text{BMI}$, family history, $\text{A1c}$ if $\text{BMI} > 25$ and one risk factor (ADA Guidelines). Psychosocial: Stress, transition to independent living. | Primary Prevention: Culturally tailored dietary counseling (e.g., modifying traditional recipes), structured exercise programs, and addressing prediabetes with Metformin if warranted. |
| Middle Adulthood (36–64) | Management of comorbidities ($\text{HTN}, \text{HLD}$); preventing vascular complications; addressing work/family demands. | Comprehensive Screening: Annual $\text{A1c}$, $\text{Lipid Panel}$, $\text{BP}$, $\text{Microalbuminuria}$ screen. Process: Medication adherence review, social determinants of health (SDOH). | Secondary Prevention: Optimize pharmacotherapy (dual/triple therapy if needed). Encourage self-monitoring and engagement in shared medical appointments (SMAs) with Spanish-speaking providers. |
| Older Adults (65+) | Minimizing hypoglycemia risk; managing polypharmacy; prioritizing quality of life and functional status. | Functional Assessment: Frailty, cognitive status, vision/foot integrity. Goals: Relaxed $\text{A1c}$ target (e.g., $7.5\%$ to $8.0\%$) to avoid hypoglycemia. | Tertiary Prevention: Simplification of medication regimens (deprescribing). Annual $\text{Pneumococcal}$ and $\text{Flu}$ vaccines. Referral to podiatry and ophthalmology to prevent $\text{CAD}$ complications. |
The plan adheres to guidelines from the American Diabetes Association ($\text{ADA}$) and is structured around three levels of prevention.
Hispanic/Latino adults are considered a high-risk population due to:
Genetic Predisposition: Higher rates of insulin resistance.
SDOH: Higher rates of food insecurity, lower socioeconomic status, and language barriers, which all compromise access to consistent care and healthy foods.
This is a comprehensive request for developing a focused health maintenance plan. I will select Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) as the disease and the Hispanic/Latino Adult Population as the target population, as this group faces significant health disparities related to T2DM incidence and control.
Disease: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ($\text{T2DM}$)
Selected Population: Hispanic/Latino Adults
This plan integrates evidence-based guidelines for risk identification, prevention, and chronic disease management across the adult developmental spectrum, focusing on cultural relevance.
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