Describe how learning about the history of research ethics impacted your view of biomedical research.
Consider the research you collected for your PICOT question. Discuss steps researchers took to protect the rights of human subjects. What additional measures would you recommend?
Describe common disparities in biomedical research. Did you find evidence of disparities in the articles you reviewed for your PICOT question? If so, what were your findings?
program, followed by state licensure and the National Board for Respiratory Care (NBRC) credential. Key skills include critical thinking, technical proficiency with complex medical equipment, and rapid patient assessment. RTs are essential in critical care settings (ICUs, EDs), pulmonary rehabilitation clinics, and skilled nursing facilities. Their direct involvement in maintaining patient oxygenation and ventilation is crucial for delivering quality patient care and preventing complications like respiratory failure.
The OT's professional role focuses on helping patients achieve independence and meaning in all aspects of their lives through the therapeutic use of daily activities, or "occupations." Their responsibilities involve evaluating a patient’s ability to perform Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) such as dressing and eating, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) like cooking and managing finances, and assessing the physical and social environment. The education required is generally a Master's or Doctoral degree from an Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy Education (ACOTE)-accredited program, followed by passing the National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy (NBCOT) exam and state licensure. Essential skills include creative problem-solving, strong interpersonal communication, and deep knowledge of human development and functional anatomy. OTs work in diverse health care settings, including outpatient rehabilitation centers, schools, mental health facilities, and patients’ homes. They contribute to quality care by enabling patients to return to their normal roles and activities.
Scope of practice in an allied health context refers to the legally defined actions, procedures, and processes that a licensed healthcare practitioner is permitted to perform, typically defined by state licensure boards. It sets the boundaries for what a provider can do based on their specific education and competencies.
The scope of practice for the RT is limited to tasks directly related to cardiopulmonary health, such as intubating patients, weaning patients from ventilators, and initiating Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP).
The scope of practice for the OT is focused on therapeutic intervention to address deficits in performance skills and patterns related to functional activity. This includes designing adaptive equipment, modifying the environment, and utilizing purposeful activity to improve function.
The scope of practice differs from the professional role in that the role is a much broader concept. The professional role encompasses the scope of practice plus administrative duties, advocacy, patient and family education, research, leadership, and ethical obligations. For instance, while managing a ventilator is within the RT's scope, educating a patient's family on how to manage home oxygen is part of their broader professional role.
The healthcare ecosystem relies heavily on specialized allied health professionals to provide comprehensive, quality care. To analyze the integral functions of this sector, this paper will examine the professional roles, scope of practice, and contribution to patient-centered care of two distinct providers: the Respiratory Therapist (RT) and the Occupational Therapist (OT).
The RT's professional role is centered on the cardiopulmonary system, managing patients with acute or chronic heart and lung disorders. Their responsibilities include performing diagnostic procedures (e.g., arterial blood gas analysis, pulmonary function testing), initiating and managing life support (mechanical ventilation), and administering inhaled medications and specialized gases. The typical education for an RT is an Associate of Science (AS) or Bachelor of Science (BS) degree from a Commission on Accreditation for R
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