Angela was a 24-year-old female felt swollen, weak, and fatigued for several months. She suddenly noticed her urine had a red-brown discoloration and was low
in volume. She went to the emergency room of a nearby hospital and the following data were obtained upon examination and testing:
Hematology:
Serum sodium
124 mEq/L
Serum potassium
6 mEq/L
Serum creatinine
2.5 mg/dL
BUN
24.0 mg/dL
pH (arterial)
7.31
Hematocrit
25%
Urinalysis:
Appearance
Red to brown
Specific gravity
1.025
Blood
Positive
Glucose
Negative
Protein
Mild
Renal Function Tests:
GFR (glomerular filtration rate)
40 mL/min
RBF (renal blood flow)
280 mL/min
1)A. What was Angela’s disorder?
B. Aside from diabetes, what could cause this disorder?
2)Define hyponatremia and hyperkalemia.
3)What is the cause of the hyponatremia and hyperkalemia?
4)Specifically, what would happen within the kidneys that could lead to blood in Angela’s urine?
5)How do Angela’s renal function tests compare to normal?
6)Why does Angela have fluid retention and swelling? Base your answer on her test results from above.