Personality Development

 

SCENARIO: Monica is a single mom who has a 16-year-old son named Jordan. Monica and Jordan were close at one point. As of late, Monica has been noticing that Jordan spends a lot of time focusing on what his friends think about him. Without his mother’s permission, Jordan recently crawled out of his bedroom window and went to a party when he was supposed to be studying for an exam. Upon his return home, Jordan reeked of alcohol and marijuana and was caught by his mother. Shocked and appalled by her son's recent behavior, she grounded him for two weeks.

What advice would you give Monica about her son’s recent behavior?

Using what you learned about the adolescent brain and social development, you will answer questions related to this case study assignment below. Your goals are to help Monica understand why her son makes the choices he does and recommend some strategies that may help solve the problem.

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Smarter Decisions through Psychology
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Using what you have learned about the adolescent brain and social development, answer the questions in this case study assignment. Your goals are to help Monica understand why her son makes the choices he does and recommend some strategies that may help solve the problem. 
For each question, you should write a paragraph-length response (5–7 sentences) to receive credit for this assignment. You may use your Sophia tutorials as a resource.
Question 1: What happens inside the brain of a teenager that makes it difficult for Jordan to weigh the risks and rewards of his behavior? Describe how the adolescent brain weighs risk and reward.


Question 2: Why does it appear that Jordan values the opinion of his peers more than the opinion of his mother? Explain the psychological concepts that may account for why Jordan places value on his peers’ opinions.


Question 3: What advice would you give Jordan’s mother, Monica, that would teach him how to make better choices and decisions? Discuss a specific strategy that Monica may implement to help her son make better decisions.


Question 4: If you were in Monica’s shoes, how would you feel? Explain why a better understanding of Monica’s perspective could result in more constructive advice.

 

 

Sample Answer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Smarter Decisions through Psychology

Date: June 24, 2025

Question 1: What happens inside the brain of a teenager that makes it difficult for Jordan to weigh the risks and rewards of his behavior? Describe how the adolescent brain weighs risk and reward.

Inside the teenage brain, there's a significant imbalance in the rate of development between different regions, which profoundly impacts decision-making, particularly regarding risks and rewards. The limbic system, associated with emotion, reward processing, and impulsivity, matures earlier and more rapidly during adolescence. In contrast, the prefrontal cortex, responsible for executive functions like planning, impulse control, weighing consequences, and abstract reasoning, is still undergoing extensive development and myelination until the mid-20s. This means that teenagers like Jordan are highly sensitive to immediate rewards and emotional payoffs (like peer approval or the thrill of sneaking out) and less equipped to fully assess long-term negative consequences. Their brains are wired to seek novelty and excitement, often overriding the nascent capacity for cautious foresight.

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