Sample Solution

  Privacy and confidentiality are important for study participants because they create a sense of security, enabling them to offer honest feedback without fear of repercussions. Additionally, these considerations help protect the rights and autonomy of research subjects by limiting the potential for harm or exploitation (Kramer et al., 2020). As such, it is essential that researchers maintain privacy and confidentiality in order to ensure ethical practices.

One way to ensure privacy is to limit who has access to participant data. This can be done by using secure methods that do not require sharing participant information with other people, such as online surveys or audio/video recordings (Johnson et al., 2020). Additionally, researchers should consider how the data collected in their studies will be stored and used; this includes creating guidelines on how long the data will be retained, who will have access to it, and any measures taken to protect its security (Creswell & Clark-Kauffman, 2018). When collecting sensitive information from participants, extra precaution needs to be taken in order to safeguard their privacy. One way of doing this is through anonymizing all records so that no personal identifiers are associated with the data collected (O’Sullivan & Yelland , 2019). Furthermore, researchers should also make sure that any identifying information provided by participants is kept confidential; this means ensuring access only when necessary for analysis purposes and encrypting files containing confidential information before transmitting them over the internet (Kramer et al., 2020). Additionally, if there are plans for future use or publication of results obtained from a study then consent agreements need to be established between researcher and participant beforehand stating what type of usage will take place (Creswell & Clark-Kauffmanm 2018). Overall privacy and confidentiality are key elements needed when conducting research on human subjects. They help promote ethical behavior among researchers while also providing an environment where participants feel comfortable enough divulge honest answers within their given situation. References: Creswell JW & Clark-Kauffman E (2018) ‘Understanding Research: A Consumer's Guide’ 2nd Edition SAGE Publications Inc Johnson BH et al.(2020) Qualitative Research Methods: Collecting Evidence Through Interviews Focus Groups Observations And Document Review SAGE Publications Ltd Kramer EJ et al.(2020) Research Ethics For Social Scientists An Introduction SAGE Publications Ltd O'Sullivan P & Yelland C(2019) A Practical Guide To Data Analysis In Qualitative Nursing Research SAGE Publications Ltd