Discuss what symptoms are associated with hypersensitivity and anaphylaxis. How will the nurse differentiate these from other conditions or issues? What steps should be taken if the nurse suspects anaphylaxis?
Symptoms associated with hypersensitivity and anaphylaxis
Sample Answer
Hypersensitivity reactions and anaphylaxis are both immune system overreactions to typically harmless substances (allergens). However, anaphylaxis is the most severe and potentially life-threatening form of hypersensitivity, specifically a Type I (IgE-mediated) reaction.
Symptoms Associated with Hypersensitivity and Anaphylaxis
Hypersensitivity Reactions (General Allergic Symptoms): These reactions can range from mild to moderate and may involve a single body system or multiple systems, but typically do not involve severe systemic compromise. The onset can be immediate (Type I) or delayed (Type IV).
Skin:
Hives (urticaria): Itchy, raised, red welts on the skin.
Itching (pruritus): Generalized or localized.
Redness (erythema) or flushing.
Eczema (dry, red, itchy skin), especially in chronic or delayed reactions.
Angioedema: Swelling in deeper layers of the skin, often around the eyes, lips, face, or throat, but without