1. (1 pt) For each of the following (a through d), indicate which is a variable and which is a constant:
a. The number of minutes in an hour.
b. Systolic blood pressure.
c. Freezing temperature of water in degrees Kelvin.
d. Ratings of daily anxiety.
2. (1 pt) For each of the following research questions, identify the independent variable and the dependent variable within each case (a through d):
a. Does a person’s age affect psychological adjustment following burn injury?
b. How do physically handicapped children differ from nonhandicapped children with respect to health concepts?
c. Do patients with a family support system in place have lower pain ratings than patients with no family support system in place?
d. Is the intracranial pressure of comatose patients affected by acupuncture treatments?
3. (1 pt) For each of the variables listed below, indicate which is discrete and which is continuous:
a. Number of patients in an ICU ward
b. Length of a chin implant
c. Number of hospital beds in a step down facility
d. Tidal volume, measured in mLs, of a patient recovering from surgery
4. (2 pts) For each of the variables listed below, indicate whether the measure is nominal, ordinal, interval, or ratio:
a. Degrees, on the Celsius scale
b. Student’s class rank
c. Ratings of a hospital based on care surveys ranked as “Poor, Fine, Good, Exceptional”
d. Survival 5 years out after surgery (yes/no)
e. Average cholesterol level of a group of control patients in a study
f. Settings of tick exposure for Lyme disease designated as “Woodland, Park, City, Suburb”
g. HDL Cholesterol levels
h. Faculty rank (Clinical Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, Full Professor)
5. (2 pts) The following data represent the number of times that a sample of residents in nursing homes who were aged 80 or older fell during a 12-month period.
3 3 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 0
4 1 0 3 2 6 1 0 0 1
0 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 0
1 3 1 1 0 4 6 9 0 1
Construct a frequency distribution table for this set of data in StatCrunch, showing the absolute frequencies, relative frequencies, and cumulative relative frequencies. Would it be advantageous to group the data before constructing a frequency distribution? Why or why not? Construct a Summary Statistics table in StatCrunch to list the n, mean, mode, Skewness and Kurtosis of the data. Paste your work from StatCrunch into your assignment.
6. (1 pt) Using information from the frequency distribution in Exercise 5, answer the following:
a. What percentage of the nursing home residents had at least 1 fall?
b. What number of falls was the most frequent in this sample?
c. What number of falls was least frequent in this sample?
d. What percentage of residents had 2 or fewer falls?
7. (1 pts) Draw a graphic of the frequency distribution of the data in Exercise 5 using StatCrunch. Copy and Paste your graphic from StatCrunch into your Word document submission. Describe the shape of the frequency distribution in terms of modality and skewness. Is the number of falls normally distributed?
8. (2 pts) Draw a graphic (bar graph and a pie chart) of the “marital” status of the data set from Week 1’s Discussion question 2 using StatCrunch (the excel file is named “Week 1 Discussion Question 2 Data”). You can also find the file in the “Course Resources” area. Construct a frequency distribution table (showing the absolute frequencies, relative frequencies, and cumulative relative frequencies for marital status). What percentage of the participants are married? Is it meaningful to calculate the cumulative frequency with this data set? Why or why not? Copy and Paste your graphics (including the frequency table) from StatCrunch into your Word document submission.
9. (1 pt) The following set of numbers represent the scores of 30 psychiatric inpatients on a widely used measure of depression. What are the mean, median, and mode for these data?
41 27 32 24 21 28 22 25 35 27
31 40 23 27 39 33 42 30 46 30
27 39 26 34 48 38 29 36 24 37
If the values of the mean, median, and mode are not the same, discuss what this suggests about the shape of the distribution. Construct a Graphic of the distribution of this data using StatCrunch to prove your point. Copy and Paste your graphic from StatCrunch into your Word document submission.
10. (1 pt) The following 10 data values are systolic blood pressure readings. Compute the mean, range, standard deviation, Q1, Q3, IQR and variance for these data using StatCrunch. Are there any outliers in this data set? Plot a boxplot to prove your answer. Copy and Paste your work from StatCrunch into your Word document submission.
130 125 160 120 170
120 130 130 140 90
11. (1 pt) For each blood pressure in Exercise 10 above, compute a Z score.
12. (2 pts) The following data designate whether patients in two groups (experimental and control) complied with a medication regimen. The experimental group participated in an intervention designed to promote perceived mastery over health events:
Control group
Patient # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Complied yes no no no yes yes no no no no no yes no no no yes
Experimental group
Patient # 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Complied yes no yes yes yes no no no no yes yes yes no yes
Using StatCrunch, construct a contingency table for these data, computing both row and column percentages, with totals and all labels for each of the four cells and totals. Copy and Paste your StatCrunch table into your Word document submission.
13. (1 pts) Below are the values for diastolic and systolic blood pressure for 10 people:
Diastolic: 90 80 90 78 76 88 80 70 76 74
Systolic: 130 126 140 118 114 112 120 110 114 136
Using StatCrunch, construct a scatterplot that shows the relationship between the two variables. Copy and Paste your work from StatCrunch into your Word document submission. Verbally describe the direction and magnitude of the relationship.
14. (1 pt) Compute the correlation coefficient (Pearson’s r) in StatCrunch to summarize the relationship for the data presented in Exercise 13. How accurate was your description?
15. (2 pts) Below are Global carbon dioxide concentrations and the measured change in Global temperature (Temperature Anomaly) for a period in our recent past:
YEAR CO2 Concentration (ppm) Temperature Anomaly (ºC)
1981 339.93 .043
1985 343.13 .098
1989 350.17 .211
1992 355.25 .368
1995 360.15 .410
1999 364.05 .566
2002 372.01 .625
2005 380.14 .714
2009 384.12 .885
2012 399.21 1.07
2017 419.12 1.20
Using StatCrunch, construct a scatterplot that shows the relationship between the two variables (carbon dioxide concentrations and the measured change in Global temperature). Calculate the r value using StatCrunch. Copy and Paste your work from StatCrunch into your Word document submission. Verbally describe the direction and magnitude of the relationship you find. What does this tell you about Global warming?