What is the subject matter (iconography) depicted? Is it a devotional or a secular work? Why would the artist, patron, or viewer be interested in a depiction of this subject? Have we studied any versions of the same subject in class, and if so how does this work compare to them?
How has the artist used the formal elements of painting or sculpture to render the subject? Consider light and shadow, color, depiction of space, motion and texture, narrative techniques.
What was the political, religious, or social context in which this work was created?
How does the work affect you as a twenty-first-century viewer? Is it a pleasing composition? Does the artist demonstrate skill or does the work seem provincial?
Is it an effective and persuasive rendering of the subject?
What is the medium, i.e., oil on canvas, and is it unusual? Consider whether or not the medium is significant to the interpretation of the work, i.e., was it expensive or unusually expressive?
What is the format and scale of the work?
What kind of larger whole might it have been a part of?
Can you deduce the original location of the work from its iconography and format?
Who were the patron, artist, and/or viewer?
What do the iconography and intended location of the work tell you about the work’s function?
Do you think it was intended for public or private consumption? Who might the audience have been? Can you interpret the meaning that the art once held for its original intended audience?