The Framingham Heart Study is one of the most influential and longest running epidemiological studies of risk factors for cardiovascular disease ever run. The study started in 1948 and continues today to collect extensive data from original participants, their children, and their childrens children. Much of what we know about cardiovascular disease was discovered by investigators involved in the Framingham Heart Study.
The following excel dataset is real but anonymized data collected as part of the Framingham Heart Study. Using the dataset and SPSS, answer the following questions directly. Note, copy paste only relevant SPSS output as part of your answers, highlight exact answers:
1. Is there is a statistically significant correlation between blood glucose and Systolic or diastolic blood pressure?
a. State the appropriate hypotheses for the test
b. Using a simple scatter chart, plot blood glucose against blood pressure, creating separate plots for SYSBP and DIABP.
c. Visually evaluate the assumptions of linearity and assess whether any outliers are present.
d. State the correlation coefficient and the p-value.
e. Interpret the results and state your conclusions
2. Evaluate whether age and BMI are predictive (separately)of total cholesterol.
a. Create separate scatter plots for the Age and BMI with Total cholesterol.
b. Visually evaluate the assumptions of linearity and homogeneity of variance.
Assess whether any outliers are present.
c. Is there a statistically significant linear relationship between each of age and BMI with total Cholesterol? State your hypotheses, the estimated regression lines and p-value.
d. Interpret the results, including an explanation of the slopes and y-intercepts for
each regression equation and R2 values
e. State your conclusions
3. Do the average heart rates differ based on BMI status defined by Underweight:
BMI<19.0; Normal weight 19.0<=BMI < 25.0; Overweight 25.0 < = BMI < 30.0; Obese:
BMI>=30.0? In other words, Is there a statistically significant relationship between heart rates and BMI status?
a. State the hypotheses.
b. Construct mean plots of heart rates with respect to the BMI status.
c. Using the plots in b). above (visually) state your conclusion
d. Report the test statistics, and the p-values of the test.
e. Perform post hoc analyses (pairwise comparisons) and report 95% pairwise CIs for the difference between mean heart rate for each BMI category.
f. Interpret the results.
g. State your conclusions