What is the relationship between Endomembrane System, Insulin and Insulin
Receptor, activation by phosphorylation, membrane-bound polyribosomes, and Glucose Transport Channels?
Describe what you learned about the gut and nutrient absorption in the microscopy lab.
What is the relationship between Microvilli of gut, epithelium, glucose,
circulatory system, capillary fenestrations, glucose/ATP/life?
What is the relationship between diabetes, glucose in food, saliva, microvilli,
blood transport of glucose, beta cells of pancreas, diabetes- elevated blood glucose, glomerulus, glucose in
urine?
1) Important portions of the Labster Labs for your Concept Integration Project
a. Microscopy Lab: Look at the structure of the chicken intestine and the Theory related to the intestine near
the beginning of the Lab. You can note your progress through the Lab because the “Lab Pad” will show you
what percent of the lab you have completed in the upper right corner of the “Lab Pad”. When you are about
24% of the way through the Microscopy Lab you will have a view of the chicken intestine and there will be a
“Theory” segment associated with it.
i. An important thing to note here is “Where is the Circulatory System (i.e., capillaries) with regard to the Villi of
the intestine? When you are approximately 69 – 70% of the way through the Lab you will learn about the
“Microvilli” (note that Microvilli are not Villi – they are related, but different).
ii. An important thing to note here is “How do microvilli increase the surface area of the intestine, and is this
important for absorption of nutrients? Remember that the food (including sugar) taken in at the mouth is what
ends up in the lumen of the intestine, but to get nutrients into the blood they must pass across the plasma
membrane which is on the Microvilli.
b. Blood Glucose/Sugar Lab AND Cellular Respiration Lab:
i. What is the relationship between a carbohydrate and a sugar?
ii. What is the relationship between a sugar and a polysaccharide?
iii. What is the relationship between chewing and a polysaccharide?
iv. Glucose makes ATP; is that important for life?
v. What is glycogen?
vi. Did you see the relationship between the liver and blood glucose levels?
vii. In case study 1 you provided an answer about the glycemic index. Based on this Labster Lab, how did your
understanding of the glycemic index change?
viii. Finally, why don’t we just remove anything that has glucose in it from our diet?