1: Is “clannishness” at work in the migrations of the Japanese and Russian Jews you read about this week? If not, to what do we attribute the experiences these two groups had once they arrived on U.S. soil? How do these experiences help you think about debates and discussions we, as a nation, are having about immigration and migrants today? 2: How do you understand the differences between Irish immigrants and Jewish immigrants when it comes to assimilation9 These groups were both from Europe, but they seemed to have different experiences when it came to making a way and a place for themselves. Based on Takaki’s writing, why was that? 3: What do you make of Hawaiian plantation owners wanting workers from different nationalities? What benefits did this bring to the owners and, if any, to the workers? How does this help you think about institutional assimilation or about the creation of institutional animosity? Are you familiar with the concept of horizontal hostility and the role it plays in race relations in society (especially when it comes to national issues such as the economy, social welfare, and representation). Where else do you find this type of institutionalization of forced relations and forced animosity?