There are 11 question, please answer them by reading the lectures and readings that I upload. I will upload
Nots as soon as I get them. its is really important that the answers come from the materials that I uploaded. I
really be appreciate if you mention which reading or lecture and what pages you find the answers.
Thank you!
- What was the difference between the eighteenth- and the nineteenth-century notions of learning from
nature? - What was new about “metabolist” architecture attempt to learn from nature?
- What was new about the early millennium idea of architecture learning from nature?
- What did Viollet-le-Duc think of the theory that interpreted Greek classical orders as a stone replica of an
older wooden prototype? What elements of Greek Doric capital he analyzed to prove that it was a genuinely
stone construction? - List the four elements of architecture according to Gottfried Semper? What were the materials he associated
with each of them? - How do you understand several differentiations made by Jesse Reiser in his “Atlas of novel tectonics, such
as those between “extensive” and “intensive” difference; simple nested hierarchy and complex hierarchy? For
any extra-credit (maximum of 4 points) discuss additional aspects of Reiser and Umemoto’s theory. - Why did “utopian socialists” embrace the idea of transparent buildings made out of glass and iron (or steel)?
Give examples of thinkers and projects (executed and visionary). - What were additional aspects of transparency that early twentieth-century modernists considered as
representative of progress and liberation? Give examples of architects and projects. - Why did some theorists question an uncritical admiration of transparency? Give examples of theorists and
their theories. - How do you understand Rowe and Sutzky’s notion of “literal” and “phenomenal” transparency. Give
examples of buildings and art-works. - What features of “phenomenal” transparency have been considered capable of producing a spiritual
experience? Mention other typologies which also employed these features.