TCP's "three-way handshake"

One of the most important aspects of successful communication via TCP/IP involves the three-way handshake that must occur between the two computers prior to establishing a valid connection. The handshake consists of three steps: SYN, SYN/ACK, and ACK. During this process, one of the computers will send out an initial synchronization (SYN) packet before receiving any response from its peer system; this indicates it's ready to begin communications. Once received by its partner system, it in turn sends back its own synchronization packet along with an acknowledgment (ACK) message indicating that it has received the first SYN packet; this is known as a SYN/ACK response. Finally, once both parties have exchanged handshakes properly and all necessary information has been shared between them such as port numbers and sequence numbers ,the third ACK packet is sent from one node to another signaling success and thus forming a valid connection established through which data can be exchanged between nodes over time . Now that a secure connection is formed between two computer systems communicating via TCP/IP protocols they can freely exchange packets without having to reestablish their connection every time they wish to transmit something new or receive data from the other end . This ensures reliability when transmitting large amounts of data due to its ability maintain state information associated with session despite any potential momentary disconnection , allowing traffic flow resume uninterruptedly after issue caused disappear if need be . At some point in time however both sides need close their link so no further transmission may take place : To achieve this termination procedure called four way handshake commences where initiating side initiates closing procedure by sending FIN control message followed by immediate acknowledgement(FIN+ACK) from responding partner alongside ACK message confirming reception closure request after which either side can terminate link freeing up resources for other activities in advance . All these interactions are controlled by destination level transport protocol like Transmission Control Protocols(TCP) which provide reliable means for applications on diverse hosts across network communicate safely amid errors or interruption that might occur during transit . Through multiple methods employed such as sequencing , acknowledgements , windowing etc., TCP layer manages authentication process among peers verifying source sender’s identity thereby granting access only symbolically authorized sources also providing features like congestion control preventing overloaded networks reducing degradation latency performance under heavy loads making sure data delivered intact upon arrival at receiver end ultimately contributing towards achieving goal creating safe efficient environment helping maintain high quality user experience regardless application or device being used while taking part networked interaction .